Mobile Business Intelligence Acceptance Model

2.1. Business Intelligence (BI)

Business Intelligence (BI) remains high ranked searched terms on gartner.com and continues as a topic of interest for researchers. The term "Business Intelligence" was coined by Howard Dressner, Gartner Group's analyst in early 1990s with definition "BI is concepts and methods to improve business decision making by using fact-based support systems". According to Gartner's IT Glossary, "Business intelligence (BI) is an umbrella term that includes the applications, infrastructure and tools, and best practices that enable access to and analysis of information to improve and optimize decisions and performance". While for BI systems, Negash presented it as "combine data gathering, data storage, and knowledge management with analytical tools to present complex internal and competitive information to planners and decision makers". This implies that BI systems facilitate decision-making by improve the timeliness and quality of inputs to the decision process with actionable information delivered at the right time, at the right location, and in the right form.

To combine the nature of BI in decision-making and technical, Işık et. al refer BI as "a system comprised of both technical and organizational elements that presents its users with historical information for analysis to enable effective decision making and management support, with the overall purpose of increasing organizational performance". This has already emphasized by Gangadharan and Swami which describe BI as a product of in-depth analysis of large amounts of business data which include database, applications technologies, and analysis practices. From the definition proposed, to summarize, the definition of BI can be viewed in three different views; the process or management view, the technological view, and the product view.

Alongside with rapidly increasing volume, velocity, and variety of data generated, organizations are struggling to find ways to better make use of data. Consequently, BI become top ranked applications suggested by senior executives to be implement as organizations recognized the value of corporate data and information as organization's competitive advantage. BI provides critical insight that helps organizations make informed decisions by scrutinize every aspect of business operations. Brockmann et al. pointed that BI integrates a variety of methodologies, techniques, and tools to turn data into information. BI research topics are wide in range, where it involves the research area of artificial intelligence, enterprise-wide information system, decision-making, systems implementation, and competitive strategies. Technically, BI is broad and encompasses knowledge management, enterprise resource planning, decision support systems, and data mining. Deployment of BI in mobile devices should be considered when defining requirements for BI solutions.